Italy
Country-level data
Overview
Everything measured for this country, at a glance.
Current conditions
15°
Clear sky
Humidity 72% · Wind 1.54 m/s · Station Pigna
Italy
IT
Rome58 915 656 people302 070 km²EUR
RegionEurope & Central Asia
LanguagesItalian
Head of state Sergio Mattarella
Head of government Giorgia Meloni
Background
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe. It consists of a peninsula, which extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as nearly 800 islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares land borders with France to the west; Switzerland and Austria to the north; Slovenia to the east; and the two enclaves of Vatican City and San Marino. It is the tenth-largest country in Europe by area, covering 301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi), and the third-most populous member state of the European Union, with nearly 59 million inhabitants. Rome is the capital of Italy; other major cities include Milan, Naples, Turin, Palermo, B
- Other disaster alertsDrought is on going in Andorra, Albania, Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia, Ukraine,
- Fires45 hotspots detected in the last 48 hours · peak brightness 351K
- Weather15°C — clear sky
Unemployment6.4%(2025)2020 — 2025
Life expectancy84.0(2024)2019 — 2024
GDP / capita$43 309(2025)2020 — 2025
Inflation1.53%(2025)2020 — 2025
Internet use89.2%(2024)2019 — 2024
Country & Institutions
Key facts, governance and practical references.
Country data
Essential facts
Population58 915 656
Area302 070 km²
CapitalRome
RegionEurope & Central Asia
LanguagesItalian
CurrencyEUR
Public indicators
Press freedom68.0/100RSF · 2025
Corruption perception54/100Transparency International · 2024
Emergency numbers4
- Emergencies (all services) — 112National numbers. Confirm with local authorities before travelling.
- Police — 113
- Ambulance — 118
Show 1 more
Wikidata
Upcoming public holidays4
- Tutti i SantiNovember 1 · All Saints Day
- Immacolata ConcezioneDecember 8 · Immaculate Conception
- NataleDecember 25 · Christmas Day
Show 1 more
- Santo StefanoDecember 26 · St. Stephen's Day
Nager.Date
Economy & Finance
Growth, prices, trade, currencies and official statistics.
GDP / capita$43 309USD
Inflation1.5%2025
Unemployment6.4%2025
Internet use89.2%2024
Life expectancy84.02024
Exchange rateOct 28, 2026
1 EUR = 1.1143USD
1 EUR = 10.9802MAD
1 EUR = 0.8366GBP
Economic outlook
GDP growth (2025)+0.5 %
Inflation (2025)+1.6 %
Unemployment (2025)6.1 %
Government debt / GDP (2025)137.1 %
Top exports
Electronics & machinery — 167.4 bn USD
Pharmaceuticals & chemicals — 133.1 bn USD
Agriculture & food — 82.2 bn USD
Vehicles & transport — 67.5 bn USD
Metals — 59.8 bn USD
Textiles & clothing — 41 bn USD
International trade
Exports / GDP (2025)32.2 %
Imports / GDP (2025)30.3 %
Foreign investment / GDP (2025)0.0 %
Companies
Crypto market
1 BTC = 72,886 EUR (+0.4 % / 24 h)
1 ETH = 2,119 EUR (+0.5 % / 24 h)
Society & Development
Population, health, education and employment.
Population58 915 656people
Urban population69.7 %2025
Unemployment6.4%2025
Social indicators
Life expectancy82.9(2023)
Healthy life expectancy71.2(2023)
Infant mortality (per 1,000)2.3(2024)
Universal health coverage82.0/100(2023)
Adult literacy99.3 %(2019)
Education spending / GDP4.1 %(2022)
Inequality (Gini index)34.3(2023)
Access to electricity100.0 %(2024)
Doctors per 1,000 people4.2(2022)
Homicides per 100,000 people0.6(2023)
Military spending / GDP1.9 %(2025)
Gross enrolment — primary103.6 %(2023)
Gross enrolment — lower secondary102.2 %(2023)
Gross enrolment — upper secondary99.8 %(2023)
Completion rate — primary99.7 %(2021)
Completion rate — lower secondary99.4 %(2021)
Out-of-school — primary2.1 %(2023)
R&D expenditure / GDP1.38 %(2023)
Researchers per million (FTE)2,855(2023)
Demographics
Children per woman (2024)1.2
Life expectancy (2023)82.9
Universities9
Employment by sector
- Employment in agriculture3.3%
- Employment in industry26.4%
- Employment in services70.2%
Climate & Environment
Weather, air quality, climate, fires and wildlife.
Current conditions
15°
Clear sky
Humidity 72% · Wind 1.54 m/s · Station Pigna
Air quality
4AQI
Good · co · AQICN
UV index
0
Low
Sea state
0.2m
Period 3 s · Open-Meteo Marine
Fires1
Climate and energy
Average temperature (30 years)13.4 °CWorld Bank CCKP
Warming since 1900+1.5 °CWorld Bank CCKP
CO₂ per person5.1 tWorld Bank · 2024
Renewable energy17.5 %World Bank · 2021
Animals
Most observed
Near extinction
Fish
Most observed
Near extinction
Plants
Most observed
Near extinction
GBIF observations; threat status from the IUCN Red List (CR / EN / VU). Not a complete inventory.
Transport & Infrastructure
Ports, airports, shipping and international connectivity.
Ports & maritime transport40
- AnconaItaly
- Anzio - NettunoItaly
- ArbataxItaly
Show 37 more
- BagnoliItaly
- BastiaFrance
- BonifacioFrance
- BrsicaCroatia
- CagliariItaly
- CalviFrance
- CarloforteItaly
- Castellammare Di StabiaItaly
- CivitavecchiaItaly
- Dugi RatCroatia
- FiumicinoItaly
- GaetaItaly
- GenovaItaly
- Giglio PortoItaly
- La SpeziaItaly
- L'ile RousseFrance
- LivornoItaly
- MaddalenaItaly
- ManfredoniaItaly
- Marina Di CarraraItaly
- MolfettaItaly
- NapoliItaly
- OlbiaItaly
- OrtonaItaly
- PesaroItaly
- PescaraItaly
- Port D' AjaccioFrance
- Port De ProprianoFrance
- Porto Di BarlettaItaly
- Porto Di CorsiniItaly
- Porto Di OristanoItaly
- PortoferraioItaly
- Porto Ponte RomanoItaly
- Porto Santo StefanoItaly
- Porto TorresItaly
- Porto VecchioFrance
- Portovecchio Di PiombinoItaly
NGA World Port Index
Airports40
- Bari Karol Wojtyła International AirportBRI · large_airport · Bari
- Abruzzo AirportPSR · large_airport · Pescara
- Lamezia Terme Sant'Eufemia International AirportSUF · large_airport · Lamezia Terme (CZ)
Show 37 more
- Cagliari Elmas AirportCAG · large_airport · Cagliari
- Olbia Costa Smeralda AirportOLB · large_airport · Olbia (SS)
- Genoa Cristoforo Colombo AirportGOA · large_airport · Genova (GE)
- Bologna Guglielmo Marconi AirportBLQ · large_airport · Bologna
- Federico Fellini International AirportRMI · large_airport · Rimini (RN)
- Ciampino–G. B. Pastine International AirportCIA · large_airport · Rome
- Rome–Fiumicino Leonardo da Vinci International AirportFCO · large_airport · Rome
- Naples International AirportNAP · large_airport · Napoli
- Pisa International AirportPSA · large_airport · Pisa (PI)
- Florence Airport, PeretolaFLR · large_airport · Firenze (FI)
- Perugia San Francesco d'Assisi – Umbria International AirportPEG · large_airport · Perugia (PG)
- San Sepolcro Airfieldsmall_airport · San Sepolcro (AR)
- Franca Airfieldsmall_airport · Cotronei (KR)
- Scalea Airportsmall_airport · Scalea (CS)
- Castel Gandolfo Heliportheliport · Castel Gandolfo
- Aviosuperficie Acqui Termesmall_airport · Acqui Terme (AL)
- Astigiana Airfieldsmall_airport · Castello di Annone (AT)
- Boglietto Airfieldsmall_airport · Costigliole d'Asti (AT)
- Aviosuperficie Francavilla Bisiosmall_airport · Francavilla Bisio (AL)
- Aviosuperficie Pioverasmall_airport · Piovera (AL)
- Città di Tortona Airfieldsmall_airport · Tortona (AL)
- Capitalia Heliportheliport · Rome
- Campo di volo Ploiasmall_airport · San Giuliano Vecchio (AL)
- Madonna di Loreto Airfieldsmall_airport · Recanati
- Guglielmo Zamboni Airfieldsmall_airport · Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO)
- Monti della Tolfa Airfieldsmall_airport · Tolfa (RM)
- Trasimeno Airfieldsmall_airport · Castigliano del Lago (PG)
- Mensanello Airfieldsmall_airport · Colle di Val d'Elsa (SI)
- Centro Volo Campaniasmall_airport
- Umberto Nobile Airfieldsmall_airport · Sessa Aurunca (CE)
- Aviosuperficie Sabaudiasmall_airport · Sabaudia (LT)
- Campo di Volo "Fly Club"small_airport · Sant'Agata de'Goti (BN)
- Aviosuperficie Condorsmall_airport · Borgo San Michele (LT)
- Tuscania Airfieldsmall_airport · San Lazzaro (VT)
- Aviosuperficie Alisorianosmall_airport · Soriano nel Cimino (VT)
- Aerolight Marche Airfieldsmall_airport · Jesi (AN)
- Campo di Volo Montefanosmall_airport · Montefano (MC)
OurAirports · Public domain
International connectivity6
32 submarine cables · 5 more planned
Security & Risks
Earthquakes, alerts, hazards on the map and world attention.
Fires4548 h
Earthquakes807 d
Other disaster alertsDrought is on going in Andorra, Albania, Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia, Ukraine,
World attention
- 12,255 readers a day (30-day average)
- +31 % against the previous 30 days
Sockets and voltage2
Signal map140
Legend
- Fires 45
- Earthquakes 80
- Aircraft 8
- Volcanoes 7
- Medium
- Low
+130 more
NASA FIRMS · EMSC · Smithsonian GVP · OpenSky Network · GDACS
Travel & Local life
Places to see, travel advice, food and radio.
Places to see6
Travel advice & alerts6
- Latest updateNew information about Italian arrangements recognising valid UK Blue Badges (‘Safety and security’ page).
- Warnings and insuranceThis travel advice also covers Vatican City. Demonstrations and national strike Recent demonstrations across northern Italian cities have le…
- Entry requirementsThis information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding…
Show 3 more
- Safety and securityTerrorism There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and indivi…
- HealthBefore you travel check that: your destination can provide the healthcare you may need you have appropriate travel insurance for local treat…
- Getting helpThe Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office ( FCDO ) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and…
UK FCDO
Traveller's guide1
- ItalyItaly was once the core of the mighty Roman Empire, and the cradle of the Renaissance. Along with Greece, it is regarded as the "birthplace" of Western culture, and it is also home to the greatest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the world, including high art and monuments.
Live radio6
- Radio Armisaenglish,italian
- Rai Radio 1italian
- Radio 24 il sole 24 oreitalian
Show 3 more
- Radio Italia Solo Musica Italianaitalian
- Radio Deejayitalian
- Radio Kiss Kissitalian
Radio-Browser
At the table6
Science & Space
Daylight, flights overhead, satellites and space weather.
Recommended tools
A couple of travel-safety tools worth having.
Recommended tools
Digital safety
Flights
Mobile data
Trip extras
Job search
Partner links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.
More
Everything else this report gathered.